The types of contraceptives available

There are many methods ofcontraception that can help prevent pregnancy and protect you from sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Although the most effective method of contraception is abstinence, there are many options for those who are sexually active.

It should be noted that some contraceptives can only be given or obtained by a doctor.

What are the methods of contraception?

Over the last 50 years, there has been a significant increase in the number of contraceptive methods.

According to the experts at House Call Doctor, there are four main different types of contraception: sterilisation, barriers, intrauterine devices and hormonal methods.

Emergency contraception is the fifth type, also known as the morning after pill, which is taken if a person has had sexual intercourse and did not take any contraception beforehand.

The different contraception methods include:

•   The pill: One of the most popular methods of female contraception, the pill needs to be prescribed by a doctor and is taken orally, every day. The pill is 95 to 99 per cent effective at preventing pregnancy, if taken as prescribed by a doctor. This method however does not offer any protection against STIs.
  
  
•  Condoms: Another popular method, condoms offer protection of STIs like chlamydia and HIV and also help to prevent pregnancy. There are both male and female condoms with the latter usually costing a little extra, as it’s lest likely to burst. Male condoms are usually made from latex however, it should be remembered that other types of condoms made from lambskin, don’t protect you from STIs.
  
  
•   The Intrauterine Device (IUD): There are two main types of IUDs. Either hormonal or copper-based devices, which are inserted into the body (most commonly the arm or vagina) and can last up to 10 years. IDUs are around 99 per cent effective, but don’t protect you against STIs. This method can also be a form of emergency contraception.
  
  
•   Sterilisation: This form of more permanent contraception can be available to either men or women. The male version is called a vasectomy and involves cutting the sperm-carrying tubes. The female version can be either surgical or non-surgical and involves tying the Fallopian tubes or placing a coil in each tube. Sterilisation however, offers no protection against STIs.

Consult with your doctor to find the best form of contraception for you.